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Why CVSS Scores Are Lying to Your Security Team (And What to Use Instead)
CVSS scores show worst-case severity, not attacker behavior. See how EPSS, the CISA KEV catalog and SSVC help you decide which flaws to fix…
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Exploited vulnerability
A critical code injection flaw in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) that lets an attacker run code on the server without logging in.
In short
CVE-2026-1281 is a critical code injection flaw in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) that lets an attacker run code on the server without logging in. Ivanti rates it CVSS 3.1 9.8, and CISA added it to the KEV catalog on 29 January 2026. NVD lists EPMM up to and including 12.7.0.0 as affected.
The CVE record says a code injection in Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) lets attackers achieve "unauthenticated remote code execution." Ivanti, the CVE numbering authority, scores it CVSS 3.1 9.8 Critical. The vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, so an attacker needs only network access to the server, with no login and no user action.
The record files the flaw under CWE-94, improper control of generation of code, and CAPEC-242 code injection. It gives no further technical detail. The remote code execution glossary entry explains why this class of bug gives an attacker control of the host.
Two GitHub repositories mention CVE-2026-1281, and both also name its sibling CVE-2026-1340. The older one was created on 7 February 2026. Its README says the bug is reachable through the /mifs/c/appstore/fob/ path and works through Bash arithmetic expansion.
That README also lists exploit scripts, reverse shell and web shell payloads, and checks for defenders. The second repository, created on 19 February 2026, describes itself as a demo target that reproduces the bug for research. These are the authors' claims, and we have not run either project.
CISA added the flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 29 January 2026, the same day the CVE record went public. We checked these public signals on 4 November 2026.
CISA's required action is to apply mitigations per the vendor's instructions or stop using the product if none exist. Its KEV notes ask owners to check all internet-facing Ivanti products for signs of compromise. Our KEV glossary entry explains what the catalog listing means.
For another Ivanti product, see our page on the Ivanti Connect Secure bypass CVE-2026-104935. It is a separate flaw with its own CVE record and fix.
NVD, which analyzed the record, lists Ivanti EPMM as affected up to and including 12.5.0.0, plus the individual releases 12.5.1.0, 12.6.0.0, 12.6.1.0 and 12.7.0.0. NVD last modified the entry on 17 June 2026.
The CVE record marks two labels, "12.x.1.x RPM" and "12.x.0.x RPM", as unaffected. The record does not say which EPMM releases those labels cover, and it names no fixed release number. Ivanti's EPMM 12.8.0.0 release notes list CVE-2026-1281 and CVE-2026-1340 among the security vulnerabilities that release fixes.
CISA's KEV notes link two Ivanti security update RPM files for this CVE, named ivanti-security-update-1761642-1.0.0, one for the S and one for the L build. We recommend reading Ivanti's own advisory, which the CVE record links, before choosing a patch path. Our vulnerability management guide covers how to plan and verify a rollout.
Ivanti reserves CVE-2026-1281.
The CVE record and NVD entry go public. CISA adds the CVE to KEV the same day with a due date of 1 February 2026.
CISA's SSVC entry records exploitation as active.
The earliest GitHub repository we found for the CVE is created.
NVD last modifies the analyzed entry.
A Telegram CVE feed seen by Brandefense Blackhole flags a GitHub PoC archive for this CVE.
EPSS scores the CVE at 0.98688.
List each Ivanti EPMM instance and note which ones answer from the internet. CISA's KEV notes tell owners to check all internet-facing Ivanti products for signs of compromise.
NVD lists 12.5.0.0 and earlier, 12.5.1.0, 12.6.0.0, 12.6.1.0 and 12.7.0.0 as affected. Treat any server on those releases as exposed until it is patched.
Follow the Ivanti advisory that the CVE record links. CISA's KEV notes point to the ivanti-security-update-1761642-1.0.0 RPM files and tell owners to apply the vendor's mitigations.
Check web and system logs on each exposed server for activity before the patch date, since the flaw was in KEV from 29 January 2026. We recommend keeping a forensic copy before you rebuild a suspect server.
CISA's required action says to stop using the product if mitigations are unavailable. Decide in advance who may retire an EPMM server that cannot be patched.
CISA lists it in the KEV catalog, added on 29 January 2026, and its SSVC entry records exploitation as active. EPSS gave it 0.98688 on 3 November 2026. KEV marks ransomware campaign use as Unknown.
NVD lists 12.5.0.0 and every earlier version, plus 12.5.1.0, 12.6.0.0, 12.6.1.0 and 12.7.0.0. The CVE record names no fixed release number.
The CVE record calls it unauthenticated remote code execution, and the CVSS vector shows PR:N and UI:N. An attacker needs only network access to the EPMM server.
Both come from one Ivanti advisory and both score 9.8. CVE-2026-1281 entered KEV on 29 January 2026 and NVD lists five release entries for it. CVE-2026-1340 entered KEV on 8 April 2026.
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