Threat Library

APT Groups. Who, How And Why.

Profiles of state-backed and long-running groups: origin, targets, methods and how to defend.

Origin

Threat Group North Korea

Andariel

Attributed by the US, UK and South Korean governments to North Korea's Reconnaissance General Bureau, Andariel is described in a July 2024…

  • Attributed To North Korea

Active Since 2009Profile

Threat Group

APT-C-60

APT-C-60 is the name JPCERT/CC uses for a threat group it says likely carried out spear-phishing attacks on organizations in Japan from…

Profile

Threat Group China

APT1

Comment Crew, Comment Panda, Comment Group

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK to PLA Unit 61398 in China, APT1 is the subject of a US indictment of 19 May 2014 charging five Unit 61398…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2006Profile

Threat Group

APT18

APT18 (MITRE G0026) is described by MITRE ATT&CK as a threat group active since at least 2009, with targets in technology, manufacturing…

Active Since 2009Profile

Threat Group China

APT19

MITRE ATT&CK describes APT19 (also Codoso) as a Chinese-based group that has targeted defense, finance, legal and other industries, with…

  • Attributed To China

Profile

Threat Group China

APT27

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK and by the US Department of Justice (5 March 2025) to a Chinese group, also called Threat Group-3390 and…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2010Profile

Threat Group Russia

APT28

Fancy Bear, Forest Blizzard, Sofacy

The US, UK, EU and other governments attribute APT28 to Russia's military intelligence service, the GRU, specifically its 85th Main Special…

  • Attributed To Russia
  • Espionage
  • Influence operations

Active Since 2004Profile

Threat Group Russia

APT29

Cozy Bear, Midnight Blizzard, NOBELIUM

The US, UK and other governments have attributed APT29 to Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR). In April 2021 the US and UK…

  • Attributed To Russia
  • Espionage

Active Since 2008Profile

Threat Group Vietnam

APT32

MITRE ATT&CK describes APT32 (OceanLotus) as a suspected Vietnam-based threat group active since at least 2014 that targets governments…

  • Attributed To Vietnam

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group Iran

APT33

MITRE ATT&CK describes APT33 as a suspected Iranian threat group active since at least 2013, with a particular interest in aviation and…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2013Profile

Threat Group Iran

APT34

MITRE ATT&CK describes OilRig, also tracked as APT34, as a suspected Iranian group working on behalf of the Iranian government since at…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group Iran

APT35

MITRE ATT&CK describes APT35, also called Charming Kitten or Magic Hound, as an Iranian-sponsored espionage group likely working for the…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group Pakistan

APT36

Transparent Tribe, Mythic Leopard, ProjectM

MITRE ATT&CK describes Transparent Tribe, also called APT36, as a suspected Pakistan-based threat group that has been active since at least…

  • Attributed To Pakistan

Active Since 2013Profile

Threat Group North Korea

APT37

ScarCruft, InkySquid

MITRE ATT&CK describes APT37, also called ScarCruft, as a North Korean state-sponsored cyber espionage group that has been active since at…

  • Attributed To North Korea

Active Since 2012Profile

Threat Group North Korea

APT38

Bluenoroff, Stardust Chollima, BeagleBoyz

APT38 is a North Korean state-sponsored group focused on financial theft, attributed by MITRE ATT&CK to North Korea's Reconnaissance…

  • Attributed To North Korea

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group Iran

APT39

Chafer, ITG07, Remix Kitten

The US Treasury, FBI and Department of Justice attributed APT39, also called Chafer, to Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group China

APT40

Leviathan, Kryptonite Panda, Gingham Typhoon

APT40 (tracked by MITRE as Leviathan) is attributed by the US and UK governments (2021) and by agencies in eight countries (2024) to…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2009Profile

Threat Group China

APT41

Wicked Panda, Brass Typhoon, BARIUM

MITRE describes APT41 as a Chinese state-sponsored espionage group, as researchers have assessed it, that also runs financially motivated…

  • Attributed To China
  • Espionage
  • Financial gain

Active Since 2012Profile

Threat Group Iran

APT42

MITRE ATT&CK describes APT42 as an Iranian-sponsored threat group that conducts cyber espionage and surveillance, active since at least…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2015Profile

Threat Group

BITTER

T-APT-17

MITRE ATT&CK describes BITTER as a suspected South Asian cyber espionage group, active since at least 2013, that has targeted government…

  • Espionage

Active Since 2013Profile

Threat Group China

BlackTech

Palmerworm, Temp.Overboard, Circuit Panda

Attributed by the US and Japanese governments (joint advisory, 27 September 2023) to cyber actors linked to the People's Republic of China…

  • Attributed To China
  • Espionage

Active Since 2010Profile

Threat Group Iran

CyberAv3ngers

Shahid Kaveh Group, Soldiers of Solomon

CyberAv3ngers (also called Shahid Kaveh Group in a 2026 advisory) is attributed by US, Israeli, Canadian and UK agencies to the Iranian…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2020Profile

Threat Group Russia

Dragonfly

Energetic Bear, Berserk Bear, Crouching Yeti

Attributed by the US and UK governments to Russia's FSB Center 16 (Military Unit 71330), this group is tied to supply chain, phishing and…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2010Profile

Threat Group Russia

Ember Bear

Cadet Blizzard, UAC-0056, Bleeding Bear

The US, UK, EU and Estonian governments attribute this activity to GRU Unit 29155, a Russian military intelligence unit, and MITRE tracks…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2020Profile

Threat Group

FIN7

Carbon Spider, Sangria Tempest, GOLD NIAGARA

Attributed by the US Department of Justice to a financially motivated criminal conspiracy of dozens of computer specialists, FIN7 is…

Active Since 2013Profile

Threat Group Russia

Gamaredon

Attributed by Ukraine's Security Service (SSU, 2021) to Russia's FSB, and described by MITRE ATT&CK as a suspected Russian group that has…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2013Profile

Threat Group China

HAFNIUM

Silk Typhoon, Operation Exchange Marauder

Attributed by the US and UK governments (19 July 2021) to the Chinese state, and charged by the US Department of Justice (8 July 2025) as…

  • Attributed To China
  • Espionage

Active Since 2021Profile

Threat Group Iran

Handala

Handala Hack is a persona that MITRE ATT&CK lists under VOID MANTICORE (G1055), a group assessed to operate on behalf of Iran's Ministry of…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2022Profile

Threat Group Russia

Indrik Spider

Evil Corp, Manatee Tempest, Doppel Spider

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK to a Russia-based criminal group, which it also lists as Evil Corp. The US Treasury, the US Department of…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group North Korea

Kimsuky

Attributed by the US and South Korean governments to North Korea's Reconnaissance General Bureau, Kimsuky sends convincing fake emails to…

  • Attributed To North Korea

Active Since 2012Profile

Threat Group

LAPSUS$

DEV-0537, Strawberry Tempest, Lapsus Group

The US Cyber Safety Review Board describes Lapsus$ as a loosely organized, extortion-focused criminal group based mainly in the United…

Active Since 2021Profile

Threat Group Russia

LAUNDRY BEAR

Attributed by the Dutch AIVD and MIVD (2025) and by US, UK, Canadian and other allied agencies (July 2026) to Russian state-supported…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2024Profile

Threat Group North Korea

Lazarus Group

HIDDEN COBRA, Diamond Sleet, ZINC

Lazarus Group is the name used by MITRE, the US Treasury and the US Department of Justice for North Korean hacking units that, they say…

  • Attributed To North Korea
  • Espionage
  • Sabotage

Active Since 2009Profile

Threat Group China

menuPass

APT10, Stone Panda, Red Apollo

Attributed by the US, UK and EU governments to a China-based group working with the Ministry of State Security, menuPass (APT10) is known…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2006Profile

Threat Group

MirrorFace

Earth Kasha

Attributed by Japan's National Police Agency (NPA) and NISC (8 January 2025) as an organized group with suspected Chinese involvement…

  • Espionage

Active Since 2019Profile

Threat Group Iran

MuddyWater

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK, the FBI, CISA, NCSC-UK and the US Treasury to Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS), this group…

  • Attributed To Iran

Active Since 2017Profile

Threat Group China

Mustang Panda

MITRE ATT&CK describes Mustang Panda as a China-based cyber espionage threat actor, and the US Department of Justice, citing court…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2012Profile

Threat Group China

Salt Typhoon

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK to the PRC state and active since at least 2019, Salt Typhoon compromised network equipment at major US…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2019Profile

Threat Group Russia

Sandworm

Seashell Blizzard, Voodoo Bear, IRIDIUM

Attributed by the US, UK and EU governments to Russian military intelligence (GRU Unit 74455), this group is linked to the 2015 and 2016…

  • Attributed To Russia
  • Espionage
  • Sabotage

Active Since 2009Profile

Threat Group

Scattered Spider

Scattered Spider is described by MITRE ATT&CK and by the FBI, CISA and partner agencies as a cybercriminal group that targets large…

Active Since 2022Profile

Threat Group

ShinyHunters

The FBI describes ShinyHunters as a cyber criminal group that specializes in large-scale data breaches and extortion, and Europol describes…

Active Since 2019Profile

Threat Group India

SideWinder

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK as a suspected Indian threat actor group active since at least 2012, SideWinder is reported by the national…

  • Attributed To India

Active Since 2012Profile

Threat Group Russia

Star Blizzard

SEABORGIUM, COLDRIVER, Callisto Group

Attributed by the UK, US, Australian, Canadian and New Zealand governments to Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB) Center 18, this group…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2019Profile

Threat Group

TA505

Hive0065, Spandex Tempest, CHIMBORAZO

CISA and the FBI say, "according to open source information", that the CL0P ransomware gang is also known as TA505, and MITRE ATT&CK…

Active Since 2014Profile

Threat Group

TeamPCP

PCPCat, DeadCatx3, ShellForce

The US FBI (July 2026) describes TeamPCP as a cyber criminal group behind large-scale software supply chain compromises of widely used…

Active Since 2025Profile

Threat Group Russia

Turla

Venomous Bear, Secret Blizzard, Snake

Attributed by MITRE ATT&CK to Russia's FSB, Turla has run espionage against governments, embassies and the military since at least 2004. In…

  • Attributed To Russia
  • Espionage

Active Since 2004Profile

Threat Group

UNC3886

Singapore's cyber agency (CSA) calls UNC3886 a state-sponsored group without naming a state, and MITRE ATT&CK describes it as China-nexus…

  • Espionage

Active Since late 2021Profile

Threat Group China

Volt Typhoon

Vanguard Panda, Voltzite, Insidious Taurus

Attributed by the US government and its Five Eyes partners to a People's Republic of China state-sponsored actor, Volt Typhoon is described…

  • Attributed To China

Active Since 2021Profile

Threat Group Russia

Wizard Spider

UNC1878, Grim Spider, GOLD BLACKBURN

Wizard Spider is a Russia-based criminal group behind the Trickbot malware, attributed by the US Department of Justice and Treasury, the UK…

  • Attributed To Russia

Active Since 2016Profile

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